Hemolytic uremic syndrome in children: a report of four cases with a literature review

Objective With a high fatality rate,hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS) is one of the common causes of acute renal failure in children.The clinical characteristics and managements of pediatric HUS were summarized.Methods Clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,treatments and outcomes of 4 HUS children were retrospectively reviewed.Results After blood purification treatment, two children recovered well.One case recurred at Month 10 after discharge and regained health at Month 5 after readmission.One hospitalized child died after 68-day intermittent blood purification.Conclusions As a first-line option for HUS,plasma exchange may relieve the disease and improve its prognosis.It is the first-line treatment to HUS.Eculizumab is recommended for infants non-responding to plasma exchange.