Clinical significance of ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 in vascular endothelial injury of end-stage renal disease patients

Objective To compare the serum levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 between maintenance dialysis and non-dialysis end-stage renal disease(ESRD) patients and explore the effect of dialysis versusnon-dialysis on vascular endothelial damage. Methods A total of 71 ESRD patients were selected and divided into two groups of MHD(n=35) and N-HD(n=36). At the same time, 20 cases of normal control group(group C) were selected. And 5 mL of venous blood was harvested from normal control and non-dialysis groups in the morning under a fasting state. Also 5 mL of venous blood was collected from dialysis group on the day of dialysis from the side of internal fistula under a fasting state. The samples were submitted to the biochemical room for blood routine, parathyroid hormone(PTH), hepato-renal function, blood glucose, blood lipid and electrolytes. Another 4 mL of venous blood was tested for the values of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results Among three groups, no significant difference existed in gender, age or etiology(all P>0. 05). And significant differences existed in hemoglobin(Hb), PTH, blood phosphorus, albumin(Alb), triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein(LDL), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Cr) and uric acid(UA) (all P<0. 05). Also significant differences existed between MHD and control groups(all P<0. 05);And significant differences existed in the above parameters between N-HD and control groups(all P<0. 05). PTH, BUN, Cr and UA in N-HD group were significantly higher than those in MHD group(all P<0. 05). No significant differences existed in Hb, serum calcium, phosphorus, ALB, TG, LDL and high-density lipoprotein(HDL) between MHD and N-HD groups(both P>0. 05). ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 were higher in MHD group than those in control group(all P<0. 05). ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 were higher in N-HD group than those in control group(all P<0. 05). ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 were significantly higher in N-HD group than those in MHD group(all P<0. 05). Conclusion The serum expressions of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 in ESRD patients with MHD are lower than those in N-HD patients. It indicates that maintenance hemodialysis has a protective effect on vascular endothelial injury in ESRD patients.