Meta analysis of the role of soy protein in chronic kidney disease

Objective To evaluate the impact of soy protein on chronic kidney disease(CKD)and provide references for the importance of adding soy protein in a CKD diet.Methods The databases of PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,National Knowledge Infrastructure of China,Chinese Journal of Science & Technology,WanFang Data Chinese Edition and China Biomedicine(CBM)were searched since their inceptions until June 30,2020.After literature screening,quality evaluation was performed and Rev Man5.3 software utilized for Meta-analysis.Results Nine articles involving a total of 429 subjects from 5 countries were included.Meta-analysis indicated that soy protein diet could lower the levels of serum creatinine(Scr)SMD=-0.33,95%CI(-0.54,-0.13),P=0.001,blood urea nitrogen(BUN)SMD=-0.45,95%CI(-0.89,-0.01),P=0.05 and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)SMD=-0.79,95%CI(-1.10,-0.47),P<0.001 in CKD patients.The levels decreased markedly as compared with control group and there were statistical differences(P<0.05).And the effects on glomerular filtration rate(GFR),proteinuria and serum phosphorus were not significantly different from those of control group.Conclusion Soy protein may reduce the levels of Scr,BUN and LDL-C in CKD patients.Based upon a low quality of literature reports and a protracted disease course of CKD,some conclusions should be further verified by larger studies with longer treatment courses.