Incidence and related factors of myopenia in middle-aged and elderly peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective  To explore the incidence of myopenia and examine its related factors in middle-aged and elderly peritoneal dialysis （PD） patients.

Methods  Questionnaire survey and case review were employed for collecting 104 PD patients of department of nephrology, affiliated hospital of Chengde Medical College between August 2019 to December 2020 general demographic data. Muscle strength was evaluated with a domestic Canary EH101 electronic grip strength meter. Muscle mass and adipose tissue index were measured with a German Fresenius body composition analyzer. Nutritional status was evaluated by comprehensive subjective nutrition assessments and serum biochemical parameters were detected. The inter-group differences of general profiles, nutritional status and serum biochemical parameters were compared. And the relevant factors of myopenia were analyzed by binary logistic regression.

Results  Among 104 middle-aged and elderly PD patients, the incidence of myopenia was 24.0%. Lean tissue index was lower in myopenia group than that in non-myopenia group （7.1 kg/m² vs 10.6 kg/m²）; Grip strength lower in myopenia group than that in non-myopenia group （15.3 kg vs 23.2 kg）; Fat tissue index higher in myopenia group than in non-myopenia group （12.8 kg/m² vs 10.2 kg/m², P＜0.05）. The results of multivariate regression analysis indicated that serum level of hs-C-reactive protein （OR=1.482, 95%CI:134-1.937） was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia. And body mass index （OR=0.797, 95%CI:0.638-0.994） and residual renal function （OR=0.599, 95%CI:0.368-0.972） were independent protective factors for sarcopenia.

Conclusion  Middle-aged and elderly PD patients are more prone to complications with a higher incidence of sarcopenia. Improving nutritional status, lowering microinflammatory status and protecting residual renal function can reduce the occurrence of sarcopenia.