Research advances of fibroblast growth factor 23 and hypoxia-inducible factor in vascular calcification of chronic kidney disease

Recent epidemiological surveys have demonstrated a rising incidence of chronic kidney disease(CKD) year-by-year.And a growing body of clinical data indicated that vascular calcification is an independent predictor of mortality in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.A higher level of circulating fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23) is strongly associated with vascular calcification.Hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF) is a new member of FGF23 in vascular calcification of CKD.This review focused upon the relationship between FGF23 and HIF and vascular calcification and summarized recent therapeutic advances in CKD.