Cognitive impairment and its risk factors in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Objective To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of cognitive impairment(CI) in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD). Methods From August 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021, a total of 323 CAPD patients were recruited. Cognitive functions were evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA) and CI was defined as MoCA <26 points. The independent risk factors for CI were selected by LASSO and Logistic regressions. Results Among them, 208(64.4%) fulfilled the criteria for CI. LASSO and Logistic regressions indicated that age(OR=1.089, 95%CI 1.058-1.211, P<0.001), history of diabetes mellitus(OR=2.530, 95%CI 1.256-5.095, P=0.009), education level, serum uric acid(OR=1.005, 95%CI 1.002-1.007, P=0.002) and total cholesterol(OR=1.836, 95%CI 1.310-2.572, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for CI. Low density lipoprotein (OR=0.973, 95%CI 0.948-0.998, P=0.043) and marital status(OR=0.161, 95%CI 0.047-0.548, P=0.002) were independent protective factors for CI in CAPD patients. Conclusion CAPD patients have a high incidence of CI. Age, history of diabetes mellitus, education level, serum uric acid and total cholesterol are independent risk factors for CI. Low density lipoprotein and marital status are independent protective factors for CI in CAPD patients.