Correlation analysis of serum small and dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and carotid intima-media thickness in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum small and dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) and carotid intima-media thickness (intimamedia thickness,IMT) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD) who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in the blood purification center of our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects,including the normal IMT hemodialysis group (36 cases) and the abnormal IMT hemodialysis group (104 cases),and healthy persons for medical examines (30 cases) during the same period served as the healthy control group.The basic data,laboratory test indicators and carotid ultrasound examination results of all the research subjects were collected,and the level differences and correlations of multiple indicators including serum sdLDL-C among different IMT groups were analyzed.Results There was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of blood urea (UREA),creatinine (CR),sdLDL-C and other indicators in the hemodialysis groups (P<0.05).Order logistic regression analysis showed that sdLDL (OR=4.787,95%CI 1.704~13.464,P=0.003) and dialysis time (OR=1.033,95%CI 1.001~1.057,P=0.045) were independent risk factors of IMT in MHD patients.Serum sdLDL-C and IMT were significantly positively correlated (intimal thickening group,r=0.611,P<0.01); plaque formation group,r=0.576,P<0.01).Conclusions SdLDL-C can be used as an independent risk factor for carotid artery stenosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients.