Application of cooling patchto early haematoma during internal arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients

Objective To investigate the effect of cooling patch on early stage haematoma due to hemorrhage during the internal arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 64 hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula,who had haematoma during hemolysis puncture with internal arteriovenous fistula performed from January 2016 to June 2018,were recruited.They were randomly divided into experimental group(32 patients)and control group(32 patients).In the experimental group the patients used cooling patch while the patients in control group received ice compress for treatment of haematoma.The diameters of hematoma in patients of different groups were measured before treatment,and 4 h and 24 h after treatment.The VAS values for pain before and after intervention were also recorded.Operation time and patient comfort were compared between the two groups.Results The diameters of hematoma before treatment,and 4 h and 24 h after treatment did not have statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The VAS values before intervention were similar(P>0.05),however,patients from the experimental group showed lower VAS values at 2 h,4 h and 24 h after intervention(P<0.05)when compared to control group.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding operation time and patient comfort(P<0.05).Conclusions The use of cooling patch at the early stage of haematoma can relieve pain and improve patient comfort with simple procedure and improved nursing efficiency.