Characteristics of hyperuricemia in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

Objective To explore characteristics of hyperuricemia in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 909 non-dialysis patients in Nanjing First Hospital from January 2010 to November 2012 to compare differences in levels of uric acid or frequency of hyperuricemia among different groups by χ²-test or variance analysis. In addition, we performed pearson analysis to evaluate correlations between hyperuricemia and biochemical indexes. Results The prevalence of hyperuricemia rose in accordance with elevation of CKD stage with higher than 60 percentage from CKD3 to CKD5. Morbidity of hyperuricemia in male group was higher than that in female group. Prevalence of hyperuricemia was elevated with the increase of age with 55.38 percentage in patients more than 80-year-old. Morbidity of hyperuricemia in CKD3a showed no significant difference with CKD3b, but remarkably lower than that in CKD4 and CKD5. Uric acid had a negative correlation with hemoglobin and free thyroxine (r=-0.209, P<0.01; r=-0.125, P<0.01), but a positive correlation with cystatin C,β₂ MG, serum creatinine and age (r=0.508, P<0.01; r=0.424, P<0.01; r=0.38, P<0.01; r=0.233, P<0.01). Conclusions Prevalence of hyperuricemia rises in accordance with the reduction of kidney function and elevation of age with higher frequency in male patients. Hyperuricemia was related with kidney injury marker and free thyroxine.