Polymorphisms of angiotensin converting enzyme, angiotensinogen and endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in IgA nephropathy in Xinjiang Uygur

Objective To investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGT) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with IgA nephropathy.Methods A total of 90 Xinjiang Uygur were enrolled, including 45 cases of IgA nephropathy and 45 healthy controls.Results The frequencies of genotype and allele distribution in ACE I/D and AGT M235T showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between IgA nephropathy and control groups. The frequencies of eNOS G894T GG genotype and G allele (62.2% and 75.6%, respectively) in IgA nephropathy group were significantly higher than those in control group (χ²=11.520, P=0.001; χ²=12.577, P<0.0001, respectively). The serum creatinine in ACE DD genotype 178.00 (101.99, 204.24) μmol/L was significantly higher than that of ACE Ⅱ genotype 78.27 (64.23, 112.78) μmol/L with the difference being statistically significant (P=0.018). The association of AGT M235T/eNOS G894T genotypes and serum creatinine showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). 24-h proteinuria in ACE DD genotype 2.66 (1.44, 3.87) g was significantly higher than that of ACE genotype Ⅱ 1.31 (0.14, 2.65) g (P=0.023), with no significant differences between AGT M235T and eNOS G894T gene (P>0.05). Association of ACE I/D, AGT M235T and eNOS G894T genotypes and hematuria showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions ACE I/D, and AGT M235T genes are irrelevant to the susceptibility of patients with IgA nephropathy in Xinjiang Uygur. eNOS gene may be a risk factor in patients with IgA nephropathy. DD genotype in ACE gene is associated with the progression of IgA nephropathy in Xinjiang Uygur.