Effect of allopurinol on renal function in chronic kidney disease patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia

Objective To investigate the effect of allopurinol treatment on renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia.Methods Select the patients whom diagnosed CKD 2~3a phase with asymptomatic hyperuricemia from February 2014 to February 2015 in nephrology department of yangzhou NO.1 people's hospital. All patients were randomly divided into allopurinol treatment group and control group. Both groups treated with low salt, low fat, low protein and low purine diet, control blood pressure and blood glucose. Allopurinol treatment group received allopurinol 200 mg per day, the control group was not given uric acid lowering treatment. One year after the treatment, observing two groups of eGFR, albuminuria and blood pressure in patients.Results In allopurinol treatment group, 3 patients withdrawal due to rash, the incidence rate is 7.14%. Allopurinol treatment significantly lower blood uric acid levels after 1 year later(515.28±114.13 vs 280.21±72.58, P<0.01), the eGFR has no obvious change before and after the treatment(73.46±18.38 vs 70.37±20.11, P>0.05), while control group's blood uric acid higher(487.02±78.57 vs 545.43±89.56, P<0.05)and eGFR decline dramatically in a year later(70.43±20.65 vs 64.21±17.42, P<0.05). In allopurinol treatment group, the level of proteinuria decreased slightly(0.62±0.43 vs 0.48±0.12, P>0.05), but there was no statistical significance(P>0.05), in the control group, albuminuria have no difference before and after treatment(0.60±0.47 vs 0.64±0.37, P>0.05). Systolic blood pressure(155.44±12.12 vs 125.21±10.08, P<0.05; 157.42±14.12 vs 128.45±9.64, P<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure(88.56±10.21 vs 80.45±9.23, P<0.05; 86.45±11.56 vs 82.27±6.25, P<0.05) were significantly lower than before after treatment in both groups, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Allopurinol slowed the decline of eGFR in CKD 2~3a phase with asymptomatic hyperuricemia.