Objective  To explore the diagnostic value of combined detection of serum high mobility group protein B1 （HMGB1） and soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor-1 （sTREM-1） in sepsis complicated with acute kidney injury （AKI）.

Methods From January 1, 2020 to January 31, 2022, 156 hospitalized septic patients were retrospectively selected and 68 healthy subjects in the same period were selected as control group. The serum levels of HMGB1 and sTREM-1 were compared between two groups. And the influencing factors of sepsis complicated with AKI were examined by multivariate Logistic regression. The diagnostic value of serum level of HMGB1/sTREM-1 for sepsis complicated with AKI was explored by receiver characteristic curve.

Results  The serum levels of HMGB1 172 530（133 870, 204 010） to 83 720（63 480, 99 870） ng/L and sTREM-1（49.56 ± 8.03）ng/L vs（24.96 ± 5.24）ng/L were significantly higher in sepsis group than those in control group （P＜0.05）. Multivariate Logistic analysis revealed that serum creatinine（OR = 1.079, 95%CI:1.037-1.122）, HMGB1 （OR = 1.933, 95%CI:1.376-2.714） and sTREM-1 （OR = 1.201, 95%CI:1.101-1.309） were independent risk factors for sepsis complicated with AKI （P＜0.05）. The working characteristic curve indicated that HMGB1 plus sTREM-1 area under the curve （AUC） = 0.928, 95%CI:0.876-0.963 offered a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in diagnosing sepsis complicated with AKI than HMGB1 （AUC = 0.790, 95%CI:0.718-0.851） and sTREM-1 （AUC = 0.778, 95%CI:0.705-0.840）.

Conclusion  The serum levels of HMGB1 and sTREM-1 are significantly up-regulated in septic patients. Both are independent risk factors for sepsis complicated with AKI.