Abstract: As a major microvascular complication of diabetes,diabetic nephropathy(DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal failure. However,there is still a lack of effective treatment. Renal tubular injury has been closely correlated with a deterioration of renal function in DN. MicroRNA is probably involved in the process of renal tubular injury during DN by regulating inflammatory responses,oxidative stress,renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and suppressing the senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells. This review summarized the pathophysiological mechanism of microRNA during renal tubular injury so as to provide therapeutic references for DN in the future.