Abstract: Objective To explore the risk factors of catheter-related bloodstream infection(CRBSI) in chronic hemodialysis diabetics with cuffed dialysis catheter and provide guidance for the prevention and control of CRBSI. Methods For this retrospective study,150 chronic hemodialysis diabetics between March 2015 and March 2020 with cuffed dialysis catheter were recruited. According to the CRBSI standard,they were classified into CRBSI and non-CRBSI(nCRBSI) groups. Chi-square test was performed for comparing demographic and clinical variables of age,gender,indwelling duration,fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,hemoglobin(Hb),Alb,RBC and WBC. P<0.05 was deemed as statistically significant and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results There were 26 cases of CRBSI with an incidence rate of 2.4 thousand duct day;29 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected with predominantly Staphylococcus aureus(34.48%),followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.79%). Single factor analysis indicated that age,indwelling duration,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,Hb and Alb were correlated with CRBSI in chronic hemodialysis diabetics(P<0.05). Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis revealed that independent risk factors for CRBSI included age ≥ 65 years(OR=2.731),indwelling duration >90 days(OR=5.627),fasting blood glucose ≥ 12 mmol/L(OR=7.035),glycosylated hemoglobin ≥ 10%(OR=6.571),Hb <80 g/L(OR=3.469) and Alb<35 g/L(OR=5.049). Conclusion The predominant pathogen of CRBSI in chronic hemodialysis diabetic patients with cuffed dialysis catheter is S. aureus. The risk factors of CRBSI are advanced age,long indwelling duration,hyperglycemia and low Hb or Alb level. Therefore active prevention and control should be implemented for high-risk diabetics for reducing the risk of CRBSI in cuffed dialysis catheter.