Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride-glucose index and arteriovenous fistula dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis （MHD） patients. Methods From January 2018 to October 2022, the relevant clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 95 patients with arteriovenous fistula （AVF） on MHD at Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital. According to whether or not there was a previous history of AVF, they were assigned into two groups of internal fistula dysfunction （n=38） and non-internal fistula dysfunction （n=57）. Baseline profiles of two groups were compared. Logistic regression model was utilized for examining whether or not triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride-glucose index were independent risk factors for internal fistula dysfunction. Results Triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride-glucose index were significantly higher in fistula dysfunction group than those in non-fistula dysfunction group 1.53（1.08,2.58） vs 1.01（0.81,1.76）. Z=2.819, P=0.005, 1.55 （1.11, 2.04） vs 1.16（0.87, 1.48）, Z=2.659, P=0.008）. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that elevations of triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride-glucose index were independent risk factors for AVF dysfunction （OR=1.698, 95%CI：1.049-2.748, P=0.031） and （OR=3.226, 95%CI：1.321-7.881, P=0.010）. Conclusions Triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride-glucose index are closely correlated with the occurrence of AVF dysfunction in MHD patients.