Abstract: Epigenetics is focused upon heritable alterations in gene expression levels and function, yet not in DNA sequence changes. Its major mechanisms include DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histones and regulatory role of non-coding RNAs. Genomic imprinting, gene silencing, chromosomal remodeling, chromosomal inactivation and maternal effects are also part of epigenetic studies. Numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormal epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are closely associated with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among them, primary glomerular disease is an important cause of CKD and its epigenetic relationship has received growing attention from researchers. This review summarized the latest research advances on the major mechanisms of epigenetics in relation to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of common primary glomerular diseases, providing new rationales for further understanding and management of common glomerular diseases.