Abstract: Autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has been a vital lifeline of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. However, due to the influence of various factors, newly-built AVF may develop maturation failure, seriously affect the dialysis efficiency and boost the hospitalization rate. Proper maturation of AVF is a significant clinical problem. Thus it is imperative to identify the influencing factors of AVF maturation failure. Here the risk factors for autogenous AVF maturation failure were summarized.