Abstract: Chronic kidney disease（CKD） has become a global public health problem. The mortality rate of CKD patients is higher than that of general population due to an onset of cardiovascular disease. Arterial calcification is the major pathological mechanism for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in CKD patients. The pathogenesis of vascular calcification remains incompletely elucidated in CKD patients. This review focused upon the pathogenesis of arterial calcification in CKD patients for providing novel rationales for future researches.