Abstract:
Objective To understand the nutritional status, dietary fiber and ingesting some micronutrients of maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） patients to provide rationales for guiding a rational diet and formulating nutritional intervention measures.
Methods A survey was conducted for 156 MHD patients from four dialysis centers, namely Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan Yellow River Nephropathy Hospital, Yuncheng Chengxin Hospital and Dezhou Third People's Hospital. There were 100 males and 56 females with age of （53.26 ± 13.25）（26-84） year. Nutritional status was evaluated by subjective global assessment of nutrition and daily diet recorded by 3-day dietary recording method. Daily average intakes of dietary nutrition and fiber were calculated by nutrition calculator software.
Results Among them, 98（62.8%） were well-nourished, 50（32.1%） moderately malnourished and 8（5.1%） severely malnourished. In this study, daily per capita energy intake was （6612.77 ± 2255.21） kJ, accounting for 41.0%; The daily per capita intake of carbohydrate, fat and protein were （279.78 ± 90.24）g, （28.74 ± 11.77）g and （48.31 ± 10.93） g with compliance rates accounting for 50.6%, 89.1% and 64.7% respectively; The daily per capita intake of dietary fiber was （10.07 ± 5.61） g, accounting for 1.9%. The daily intake of vitamin A/B/C/D/E, magnesium, zinc, selenium and calcium per capita was lower than recommended intake while phosphorus, iron and copper was higher than recommended intake.
Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in MHD patients is high with an irrational dietary structure. Intake of dietary fiber is obviously insufficient and intake of micronutrients remains uneven. Clinicians should include nutritional risk screening in disease management of hemodialysis patients, strengthen dietary education, reiterate the importance of diet in disease treatment, offer nutritional interventions as soon as possible and formulate accurate and individualized nutritional strategies for balancing nutritional needs.
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