Abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum is an important organelle involved in protein quality control and cellular homeostasis, and its homeostasis imbalance can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress.Moderate endoplasmic reticulum stress is one of the important mechanisms of cell self-protection, but excessive or persistent endoplasmic reticulum stress can lead to cell damage.In recent years, studies have found that endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely related to renal intrinsic cell damage during diabetes mellitus, and participates in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy.This article reviews the advances of the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum stress and diabetic nephropathy.