Abstract: IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerular disease in the world.It is mainly manifested as IgA deposition or mainly IgA deposition in glomerular mesangium.Growing evidences show that the changes of intestinal mucosal barrier are closely correlated with the occurrence and development of IgA nephropathy.Clarifying the mechanism of maintenance of intestinal mucosal barrier homeostasis and the destruction of intestinal mucosal barrier plays an important role in researches on the occurrence, development and treatment of IgA nephropathy.This review summarized the mechanism of intestinal mucosal barrier changes affecting IgA nephropathy and the effects of remodeling intestinal microenvironment, improving intestinal mucosal barrier and regulating proliferation, differentiation and secretion of immune cells in intestinal tract in improvement and treatment of IgA nephropathy.