Abstract: Objective To explore the risk factors and relationship of diabetic nephropathy(DN) with diabetic retinopathy(DR). Methods Between January 2017 and January 2021, type 2 DN patients were divided into DN & retinal group(observation, n=160) and DN & non-retinal group(control, n=90). General profiles and clinical parameters of two groups were compared. Binary Logistic regression statistical method was employed for variables with statistical differences. Results When observation and control groups were compared, systolic pressure(SBP), cystatin C(Cys C), LDL-C, HbA1C, 24 h urethral protein(24 Upro) and serum uric acid(SUA) were higher and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). For variables with statistical differences, binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that Cys C, HbA1C and 24 Upro were independently correlated in observation group(P<0.05). Conclusion The independent risk factors of DN patients with retinopathy include Cys C>1.0 mg/L (OR 1.556,95%CI1.125-1.783), HbA1C(%) >8.0 OR 1.545, 95%CI(1.114-2.234) and 24 h Upro >3.0g(OR 1.569, 95%CI(1.227-2.256). Early measures of diagnosis and treatment should be implemented for improving the survival and prognosis of DN patients.