慢性肾脏病合并高血压患者的血压测量方法及诊治进展

    Blood pressure measurement techniques,diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease with hypertension

    • 摘要: 高血压是全球公共卫生问题,也是目前全球疾病负担的主要因素。慢性肾脏病(CKD)是引起高血压的常见病因,也是高血压的并发症,两者相互影响,增加了心脑血管事件的风险。标准化血压测量对CKD合并高血压的诊断和管理至关重要。诊室血压是测量和诊断CKD高血压的金标准,随着技术发展,家测血压和动态监测血压越来越受到广泛运用。此外,考虑到CKD动脉硬化发病率高,血管内皮细胞功能受损,中心动脉压监测也变得更加常用。在管理治疗方面,除了根据病情选择合适的降压药、强化夜间血压控制等措施外,改变生活方式如限盐饮食也不容忽视。本文主要对适用于CKD患者的各种血压测量技术、标准及合并高血压时的管理治疗进行综述。

       

      Abstract: Hypertension is a global public health problem as well as the leading factor of the global burden of disease.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common cause and complication of hypertension.They interact with each other,thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular and cardiac cerebrovascular events.Standardized blood pressure measurement is crucial for the diagnosis and management of CKD with hypertension.Office blood pressure is the gold standard for diagnosis of CKD with hypertension.With the development of science and technology,home blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are becoming more common.Moreover,considering the high incidence of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in CKD,central arterial pressure has become more routine.In terms of management and treatment for CKD patients with hypertension,beside choosing appropriate drugs according to the patients' condition and enhancing night-time blood pressure control,changes of life style such as dietary salt restriction should not be neglected.This article reviews various blood pressure measurement techniques,standards and management and treatment advices,which are applicable for CKD patients.

       

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