Abstract: Objective To investigate the difference of efficacy between Shengxuening and polysaccharide iron complex capsule in treating renal anemia in patients with hemodialysis. Methods A total of 50 cases of hemodialysis patients with renal anemia, who underwent hemodialysis regularly in blood purification center of Hefei Fifth People's Hospital, were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 25 cases in each group. The treatment group was given Shengxuening tablets combined with erythropoietin and the control group given polysaccharide iron complex capsule combined with erythropoietin, with a treatment course of 12 weeks. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum ferritin (SF), and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were detected before treatment and at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks of the treatment.Results After 12 weeks, the indices were compared between the control treatment and the treatment group. Serum Hb, Hct, SF and TAST all increased significantly (P<0.05). The changes of the indices were more obvious. Compared to the control group, serum Hb, Hct, SF and TAST in the treatment group had statistically significant changes after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions Shengxuening tablets can significantly improve hemoglobin, hematocrit, SF and TSAT in hemodialysis patients, promote iron absorption and utilization, increase iron storage in the body, and reduce iron consumption. Its efficacy for treatment of treating renal anemia in hemodialysis patients by combing with erythropoietin is more evident than polysaccharide iron complex capsule combined with erythropoietin.