Abstract: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is a pathological process involving oxidative stress, inflammatory response, calcium overload and apoptosis. It is an important factor leading to acute renal failure, acute exacerbation of chronic kidney disease. Due to the high incidence of RIRI and poor prognosis, there is still a lack of effective prevention and treatment methods. So it is urgent to find a new treatment. This article reviews the pathogenesis of RIRI and the treatment of the latest research.