Abstract: Transverse abdominal plane block (TAPB) is a new technique of nerve block combining ultrasonic and anesthesiology. It has the advantages of simple operation, good anesthetic effect and little influence on hemodynamics. In recent years, the combination with non-invasive imaging technology has made it more and more widely used for accessory anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in the field of abdominal surgery, and become the main anesthetic method for short and small abdominal surgery, such as TAPB. This article reviews the application of TAPB in peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation under the guidance of ultrasonic imaging, in order to provide a safe and effective anesthetic method for end-stage renal disease patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation.