Abstract: Objective To explore the influencing factors of the hemodialysis adequacy in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods A total of 130 MHD patients from February 2016 to January 2017 in the Department of Hemopurifacation Center of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM were enrolled in this study. The data about gender, age, primary diseases, vascular access, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) pre-HD and post-HD, hemodialysis time, ultrafiltration volume (UF), blood flow, dry body weight, ratio of UF and dry body weight (%) after single hemodialysis were recorded. The urea clearance index (Kt/V) was calculated as the indicator of the hemodialysis adequacy by Daugirdas Ⅱ formula. According to the Kt/V, two groups were set up:standard attainment group (Kt/V ≥ 1.2) and non-standard attainment group (Kt/V<1.2). Independent-samples T test and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between the hemodialysis adequacy and clinical parameters.Results Independent-samples T test analysis showed that the hemodialysis time (P=0.02), dry body weight (P=0.00) and ratio of UF and dry body weight (%) (P=0.02) were correlated to Kt/V. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the hemodialysis time (β=0.365, P<0.05) and dry body weight (β=-0.47, P<0.05) were the independent impact factors of Kt/V. Kt/V was positively correlated with hemodialysis time, and negatively with dry body weight.Conclusions The hemodialysis adequacy in MHD patients is closely associated with hemodialysis time and dry body weight.