Abstract: Objective To explore the present status on achieving Kt/V target and the impact factors of Kt/V in maintenance peritoneal dialysis (MPD) patients.Methods This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Peritoneal Dialysis Center of Taixing People's Hospital. A total of 77 clinical stable peritoneal dialysis patients with duration ≥3 months who completed dialysis adequacy and biochemical assessment from November 2014 to May 2015 were enrolled in this study. All the patients used either continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) or daytime ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (DAPD). The status on achieving Kt/V target was investigated. The demographic data and clinical characteristics were compared according to varied Kt/V.Results The total Kt/V was 1.75±0.57 and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) was (57.44±19.58) L.week ^-1.(1.73 m²)^-1 for the whole patients and there was 54.54% subjects achieving the Kt/V target. The patients with Kt/V ≥ 1.7 had higher proportion of female, lower proportion of diabetic nephropathy patients, smaller height, weight and body mass index (BMI), higher urine volume and higher residual renal function (RRF) than in those with Kt/V<1.7 (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between age, the way of peritoneal dialysis, months of peritoneal dialysis duration and dialysate volume. Kt/V was correlated inversely with height (r=-0.444, P=0.001), weight (r=-0.457, P=0.001) and BMI (r=-0.240, P=0.035). Kt/V was correlated positively with 24-h urine volume (r=0.357, P=0.001), and RRF (r=0.330, P=0.003). There was no association of Kt/V with age and dialysate volume. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that female, smaller size, and high RRF were the protection factors.Conclusions About 67.4% of peritoneal dialysis patients can reach the Kt/V target recommended by K/DOQI. Gender, body size and RRF were the impact factors of Kt/V in MPD patients.